What is a Dietitian and How Can They Support You?

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Introduction

Navigating the world of nutrition can be confusing, especially when you’re trying to understand the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist. I often find myself explaining this distinction to people in my orbit. Even members of my family sometimes confuse me for a nutritionist. While there’s never any malice behind these moments, they remind me that although it may be obvious to me, the exact role of a dietitian—and what goes into becoming one—is not common knowledge. That’s why I want to help clarify what a dietitian is and how they can support you in achieving your nutrition goals, be that choosing more plants or otherwise.

Dietitians vs. Nutritionists: What's the Difference?

First, let’s recognize that there are great nutritionists who have helped and continue to help many people improve their lives. There are indeed nutritionists who can provide valuable advice and support for those looking to improve their diet and overall health. However, there are key differences between dietitians and nutritionists that are important to understand.

Registered Dietitians (RDs) or Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDNs) have undergone extensive training and education, including:

  • A Bachelor’s and Master’s Degree: Starting January 1, 2024, dietitians are required to have a graduate degree to be eligible for the registration exam. This shift from a bachelor’s degree reflects the growing complexity and importance of nutrition science.
  • Completion of a Supervised Practice Program: This typically involves an internship lasting about 1,200 hours, with rotations in various settings such as clinical (hospital and outpatient), community (nonprofit or corporate wellness), and food service management (public school systems, hospitals, or universities).
  • Passing a National Examination: Administered by the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR).
  • Ongoing Continuing Education: To maintain their credentials and stay current with the latest research and guidelines.

 

In contrast, the term “nutritionist” is not regulated in many places, meaning anyone can call themselves a nutritionist regardless of their education or training. While some nutritionists pursue formal education, it’s not a requirement. Consequently, nutritionists are typically not covered by insurance, as dietitians are widely recognized as the qualified authorities in nutrition, while the title of nutritionist lacks the same level of professional credibility.

Decoding the Letters After Their Names

You might have noticed that dietitians often have a series of letters following their names. For example, when I use my name in a professional setting, I write “Xavier Toledo, MS, RD, LDN.” These abbreviations can be confusing, so let’s break them down:

Education Level: 

  • MS (Master of Science): This indicates that the dietitian has completed a masters degree in a field of science. For example, I completed my master’s in nutrition science.
  • MPH (Master of Public Health): This indicates that the dietitian has completed a masters degree with a focus on public health, which can be particularly useful for those working in community nutrition or policy.
  • PhD (Doctor of Philosophy): This indicates that the dietitian has completed a doctoral degree, often involving research in nutrition or a related field.


Credentials:

  • RD (Registered Dietitian): This indicates that the individual has met all the requirements to become a dietitian.
  • RDN (Registered Dietitian Nutritionist): This is an optional title that some dietitians use; it signifies the same credentials as an RD.

 

Licenses:

  • LD (Licensed Dietitian) and LDN (Licensed Dietitian Nutritionist): These indicate that the dietitian is licensed to practice in a specific state. The requirements for licensure vary by state but generally include having the RD or RDN credential.


Advanced Certifications:

  • RD-AP (Advanced Practice Registered Dietitian): This certification signifies advanced practice skills and experience in the field of dietetics.
  • CSSD (Certified Specialist in Sports Dietetics): This credential is for dietitians who specialize in sports nutrition.
  • CDCES (Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist): This certification is for dietitians who specialize in diabetes care and education.

Why See a Dietitian?

Dietitians are formally trained nutrition experts who are equipped to provide evidence-based advice and individualized nutrition plans. Here are some reasons why you might consider seeing a dietitian:

  • Personalized Nutrition Plans: Dietitians tailor their advice to meet your specific needs, preferences, and health goals. Whether you’re managing a health condition, seeking to improve your overall wellness, or simply looking to incorporate more plant-based foods into your diet, a dietitian can create a plan that works for you.
  • Evidence-Based Guidance: Dietitians rely on the latest scientific research to inform their recommendations. This means you can trust that the advice you receive is based on solid evidence, not trends or fads.
  • Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT): MNT is a form of treatment that uses nutrition education and behavioral counseling to manage medical conditions. Typically, only registered dietitians can provide MNT and get reimbursed by insurance. This therapy is vital for managing conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, and heart disease, ensuring you get the necessary nutrients while supporting other treatments.
  • Support and Accountability: Changing your diet can be challenging. Dietitians provide ongoing support and accountability, helping you stay on track and make sustainable changes over time.

The Role of Dietitians in Plant-Based Nutrition

Dietitians are uniquely equipped to guide you through your plant-based journey, whether you’re fully plant-based, looking to add more plants to your diet, or somewhere in between. They can help you:

  • Ensure Nutritional Adequacy: Dietitians can help you plan balanced meals that provide all the essential nutrients you need, such as protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin B12.
  • Address Health Concerns: Whether you’re looking to manage a health condition or improve your overall wellness, dietitians can provide strategies that align with your plant-based goals.
  • Personalized Support: Everyone’s journey is different. Dietitians can work with you to create a plan that fits your lifestyle and dietary preferences.

Bridging the Gap: Doctors, Dietitians, and Nutrition

While doctors play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating illnesses, most medical schools offer limited training in nutrition. “Today, most medical schools in the United States teach less than 25 hours of nutrition over four years. The fact that less than 20 percent of medical schools have a single required course in nutrition, it’s a scandal. It’s outrageous. It’s obscene,” said David Eisenberg, adjunct associate professor of nutrition at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, during a 2017 PBS NewsHour segment.[1]

Fortunately, there are doctors who educate themselves on nutrition due to its importance in health. For example, at the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), I have the privilege of working with doctors who truly understand the importance of nutrition in health. PCRM promotes prevention through nutrition, conducts clinical research, and advocates for higher standards in medical practice. The physicians there are well-versed in nutrition and seamlessly integrate it into their work.

Dietitians specialize in nutrition and complement doctors by providing detailed nutritional guidance. This collaboration ensures comprehensive care, addressing both medical and nutritional needs, and promotes better health outcomes.

Conclusion

Understanding the role of dietitians and the unique support they offer can empower you on your nutrition journey. Whether you’re looking to improve your overall health, manage a specific condition, or explore plant-based eating, a dietitian can provide the guidance and expertise you need. I hope this helps clarify the differences and the value that dietitians bring to the table, making it easier for you to make informed decisions about your health and nutrition.

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About the Author

Want to Work With Xavier?

Good news: Xavier will be offering personalized nutrition counseling to the Choose More Plants community soon. This service will be tailored to your unique needs and goals, helping you make sustainable dietary changes. Join his waiting list to be the first to know about pricing, availability, and detailed service information when it launches.

Beyond nutrition counseling, Xavier is available for consulting, talks & workshops, and more. Learn more here.

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